SAP Basic Operators, Keywords, Functions

Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Using Operator	Using Keyword
Less than	a < b	a LT B
Greater than	a > b	a GT b
Less than or equal	a <= b	a LE b
Greater than or equal	a >= b	a GE b
Equal	a = b	a EQ b
Not equal	a <> b	a NE b

Comparison Operators

Operator	Using Operator	Using Keyword
Addition	p = n + m.	ADD n TO m.
Subtraction	P = m – n.	SUBTRACT n FROM m.
Multiplication	P = m * n.	MULTIPLY m BY n.
Division	P = m / n.	DIVIDE m BY n.
Integer division	P = m DIV n.	---
Remainder of division	P = m MOD n.	---
Powers	P = m ** n.	---

Logical Expressions

Expression	Usage
AND	(a<b) and (a<c)
OR	(a<b) or (a<c)
NOT	a NOT b
BETWEEN	a BETWEEN b AND c
IS	a IS (NULL/ASSIGNED/BOUND/INITIAL)

Numeric Data Types Functions

DATA

DATA n TYPE p DECIMALS 2.
DATA m TYPE p DECIMALS 2 VALUE '-5.55'.

Function		Usage				Output
ABS		n = abs( m ).  WRITE:  'ABS: ', n.				ABS: 5.55
SIGN		n = sign( m ). WRITE: / 'SIGN: ', n.				SIGN:  1.00-
CEIL		n = ceil( m ). WRITE: / 'CEIL: ', n.				CEIL:  5.00-
FLOOR		n = floor( m ). WRITE: / 'FLOOR:', n.				FLOOR: 6.00-
TRUNC		n = trunc( m ). WRITE: / 'TRUNC:', n.				TRUNC: 5.00-
FRAC		n = frac( m ). WRITE: / 'FRAC: ', n.				FRAC:  0.55-

Floating-Point Functions

Function	Meaning
acos, asin, atan; cos, sin, tan	Trigonometric functions.
cosh, sinh, tanh	Hyperbolic functions.
exp	Exponential function with base e (e=2.7182818285).
log	Natural logarithm with base e.
log10	Logarithm with base 10.
sqrt	Square root.

String Logical Expression

CO	str1 only contains characters from <str2>;
CN	str1 contains characters not only from str2 (corresponds to NOT str1 CO str2);
CA	str1 contains at least one character from str2;
NA	str1 does not contain any characters from str2;
CS	str1 contains the string str2;
NS	str1 does not contain the string str2;
CP	str1 contains the pattern str2;
NP	str1 does not contain the pattern str2;

String Functions

DATA: title(15) TYPE c VALUE 'Mr',

surname(40) TYPE c VALUE 'Smith',
Forename(40) TYPE c VALUE 'Joe',
sep,  "an empty character by default"
Destination(200) TYPE c,
spaced_name TYPE STRING VALUE 'Joe Smith',
len TYPE i.

Function	Usage	Output
CONCATENATE	DATA: title(15) TYPE c VALUE 'Mr',
	surname(40) TYPE c VALUE 'Smith',
	forename(40) TYPE c VALUE 'Joe',
	sep,  "an empty character by default"
	destination(200) TYPE c.
	CONCATENATE title surname forename INTO destination SEPARATED BY sep.	Mr Smith Joe
CONDENSE	DATA spaced_name TYPE string VALUE 'Joe         Smith'.
	CONDENSE spaced_name.	Joe Smith
CONDENSE NO GAPS	CONDENSE spaced_name NO-GAPS.	JoeSmith
STRLEN	DATA len TYPE i.
	len = strlen( surname ).
	WRITE / len.
	strlen( surname ).	5
REPLACE	REPLACE ' ' WITH '-' INTO destination.	Mr-Smith Joe
	REPLACE ' ' WITH '-' INTO destination.	Mr-Smith-Joe
REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES	REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF '-' IN destination WITH '+'.	Mr+Smith+Joe
SEARCH	destination = 'Mr. Smith Joe'.
	SEARCH destination for 'Joe   '.	sy-fdpos 10
	SEARCH destination for  '*ith'.	sy-fdpos 4
	SEARCH destination for 'John'.	sy-subrc 4
SHIFT	DATA empl_num TYPE STRING VALUE '0000654321'.
	SHIFT empl_num. "become 000654321	000654321
SHIFT DELETE LEADING	empl_num = '0000654321'.
	SHIFT empl_num left deleting leading '0'. "become 654321	654321
SHIFT CURCULAR	empl_num = '0000654321'.
	SHIFT empl_num CIRCULAR.	0006543210
SPLIT	DATA mystring TYPE string VALUE '1234** ACBD **6789'.
	DATA: a(10) TYPE c,
	b(10) TYPE c,
	c(10) TYPE C,	a 1234
	sep2(2) TYPE c VALUE '**'.	b  ABCD
	SPLIT mystring AT sep2 INTO a b c.	c 6789
SUBFIELDS	DATA: int_tel_num(17) TYPE c VALUE '+62-812345678',
	country_code(3) TYPE c,
	tel_num(14) TYPE c.
	country_code = int_tel_num(3).	62
	tel_num = int_tel_num+4(13).	812345678

Formatting String Functions

Function	Description
LEFT-JUSTIFIED	Specifies that the output is left-justified.
CENTERED	Denotes that the output is centered.
RIGHT-JUSTIFIED	Specifies that the output is right-justified.
UNDER <g>	The output starts directly under the field <g>.
NO-GAP	Specifies that the blank after field <f> is rejected.
USING EDIT MASK <m>	Denotes the specification of the format template <m>. Using No EDIT Mask: This specifies that the format template specified in the ABAP Dictionary is deactivated.
NO-ZERO	If a field contains only zeroes, then they are replaced by blanks.

Formatting Numeric Functions

Function	Description
NO-SIGN	Specifies that no leading sign is displayed on the screen.
EXPONENT <e>	Specifies that in type F (the floating point fields), the exponent is defined in <e>.
ROUND <r>	The type P fields (packed numeric data types) are first multiplied by 10**(-r) and then rounded off to an integer value.
CURRENCY <c>	Denotes that the formatting is done according to the currency <c> value that is stored in the TCURX database table.
UNIT <u>	Specifies that the number of decimal places is fixed according to the <u> unit as specified in the T006 database table for type P.
DECIMALS <d>	Specifies that the number of digits <d> must be displayed after the decimal point.

Main Source:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sap_abap